Thermochemical Nonequilibrium in Hypersonic Shock and Boundary Layers and Its Impact on Plasma-Assisted Flow Control
As hypersonic flight rapidly evolves from a futuristic concept to a tangible reality, several physical phenomena that were once considered somewhat exotic become central to the performance and control of hypersonic vehicles. Among these, thermochemical nonequilibrium (TCNE) in shock and boundary layers has emerged as a critical factor that not only shapes the aerothermodynamic environment […]
Nonequilibrium Plasmas for Active Flow Control in Hypersonic Vehicles
As aerospace vehicles approach hypersonic speeds (Mach 5 and above), the aerodynamic and thermal challenges they encounter become significantly more complex than those in subsonic or even supersonic regimes. Among the most critical issues are intense shock waves, boundary layer separation, and severe thermal loads. Traditional mechanical flow control methods—such as flaps, jets, or synthetic […]